Sociological Imagination In Relation To My Life Sociology Essay

Sociological Imagination In Relation To My Life Sociology Essay Sociological creative mind is relevant to encounters of the person with different connections in the public arena. There are three essential attributes of the sociological creative mind history, life story and social structure. In connection with Mills theory of the sociological creative mind, we will have the option to situate ourselves truly and have improved comprehension of ourselves as well as other people through a grip of the connections between close to home encounters versus auxiliary and recorded powers (Mitra Sarabia, 2005). In this paper, I will attempt a basic consideration on the components that appear to have impacted my life decisions and possibilities. I will utilize my very own experiences as a contextual investigation and will utilize the sociological creative mind as the instrument for assessment while understanding that this idea must be applied basically since I am endeavoring to connect individual experience to open issues (Schudson, 2008). In light of my life conditions, the women's activist perspective is the most valuable methodology albeit emblematic interactionism clarifies a large number of the issues I have experienced. The key sociological components I have seen reoccurring in my examination are class, sexual orientation and socialization. These urgent elements of socialization have permitted me to unload and cautiously analyze what the sociological creative mind is, the way it works dependent on my background, and the manners by which it interfaces with the basic conditions throughout my life. The unmistakable credit of history associates to the manners by which a general public was delivered and how it has been changed through the span of time. The term Biography is a colloquialism for the human conditions, or the idea of man in connection to the sort of people in a specific culture. Social structure characterizes the request for a general public concentrating on the individuals who are commanding, and how they stick together and how after some time they change. The sociological creative mind characterizes visionaries who can see past what is before them comparable to history, account and social structure. (Factories, 1959, pg. 7) The hypothesis of the sociological creative mind encourages a person to relate their own background with the entire of history alongside social, financial, and political powers. The whole idea of the sociological creative mind was summed up by Mills conviction that the life of any one individual and the historical backdrop of the entire society can't be comprehended except if both are comprehended (Mitra Sarabia, 2005). This is on the grounds that singular events just as all human activity is socially and verifiably contextualized. The focal inquiry concerns how we can continue or make the jump from singular experience to the whole society and to history. Schwalbe embodies how the social world must include people rehearsing a cognizant exertion of relating and unloading their live encounters with society overall while expressing how In the end, sociological care must be about more than concentrating how the social world functions. It should likewise accomplish more than motivate inte rest, care and expectation, it must assist us with changing ourselves and our method of getting things done. (Schwalbe pg. 43) The sociological creative mind is best considered as a vehicle which licenses utilization of one of the major sociological viewpoints (Mitra Sarabia). For this situation, it will be woman's rights yet emblematic interactionism is significant for this investigation. My folks fundamentally imparted certain qualities and convictions particularly concerning reasonableness and equity. The sociological creative mind advances basic reasoning aptitudes. The sociological creative mind has refined my capacity to think comparable to noteworthy new and inventive associations among myself and the general public. A decent similitude by Allan G. Johnsons artistic work The Forest The Trees and The One Thing represents the sociological creative mind as the backwoods is society and the trees are distinct individuals. How the trees are identified with the timberland embodies h ow people identify with society and social orders history in general. Its critical to comprehend the connections among trees that make a woods what it is. Focusing on that something more whether it is a family, organization or an entire society, and how individuals are interrelated to it is at the core of the sociological procedure (Johnson, Allen, pg. 5) Social exploration is worried about the definition and appraisal of social wonders. Social specialists empower us to get inside these various social universes and find what social powers are busy working in making public activity. (Duneier pg.53) Duneiers point of view on the sociological creative mind relates to the disclosure of my very own sociological adventure. As an undergrad I think to be fruitful you have to have sociological creative mind. How regularly do we sit in classes and miracle what the reason for this is? At the point when a large number of us move on from secondary school we see similar to the primary day of school, we have no vision of our future, we are hoping to escape from our folks home and to discover opportunity and self articulation. At that point there are other people who move on from secondary school and start their school vocations. The principal day of school is simply one more day for them, they are considering the existence they will lead 10-15 years later. They see their profession going a specific way, when they plan on getting hitched and having youngsters and some even observe their retirement by the age of fifty. I get myself some place in the center. I have consistently known I my fantasy work was to turn into an essayist from the time I got a pencil as a youngster I was infatuated with the vibe of the pencil lead on paper. I took all the courses I could recorded as a hard copy and partook in workshops and composed for my neighborhood secondary schools paper read devotedly. Upon graduation from secondary school I was centered more around bringing in cash, consequently I went to work and quit any pretense of composing. In any case, it didn't take some time before I set off for college I immediately understood that on the off chance that I needed to not buckle down for an insignificant measure of cash I would need to get an advanced education in something that was reasonable yet gave personal chance to compose. In school as I attempted to pick a significant I was as yet centered around bringing in cash as opposed to being content with what I was doing. I was resolved to tail one of my interests and I picked Broadcast Journalism as my major since I could utilize my composing abilities and accomplish something I adored doing which was narrating through connecting with individuals and detailing. I started seeing my life in years as opposed to days. I started taking classes in subjects I loved. I am contemplating business as at the Whitman School and minoring in Entrepreneurship since I realize this will be a basic expertise to have further down the road. I kept seeking after my enthusiasm for composing anyway in my many required expressions and science elective classes, and have an arrangement for the years to come as how I need to make my living. I need to turn out to be either a games telecaster or a games essayist. I distinguished training as the way to change. The sociological creative mind makes connects between the individual the more extensive society in an equal manner. The individual who has the sociological creative mind can comprehend the huge recorded procedure as far as its significance for the inward experience and external existence of the person. Schudson contends that the sociological creative mind permits us to basically explore reality rather than latently watching it. Andreev develops that by clarifying that people who are situated at various social and monetary focuses in the public eye hold various perspectives on the world. Hurrying contends that training isn't generally the arrangement yet rather a wellspring of new social and financial imbalances since we can never escape from the variables of class, sexual orientation and race. Therefore, the idea of the sociological creative mind should be applied to an arrangement of training too to comprehend what sway that instruction will deliver on various gatherings of individuals. I have found through my investigation that so as to utilize the sociological creative mind and see a requirement for auxiliary change, the individual must be mistreated or denied here and there. With the web there is no separation; sociological creative mind has minimal chronicled or true to life impact even social structure is unessential. The universe of C. Wright Mills is vanishing on the web individuals have no sociological creative mind. Individuals on the web are quick turning into a general public with no past or future there is only the current what is being done well as of now. I need this sort of life so does that mean I have sociological creative mind with respect to the web and how I will utilize it in my life. I know how the web started and what it was initially utilized for, however does it impact my vision of how I am going to utilize it? No, when I am sitting at my PC I dont think about the historical backdrop of the web or the individuals who use it. (Solis-Gadea, 2005, pgs. 113-122) When Im composing on my PC I dont think about the individuals I am composing for or working for they have no face, no character, no significance to me aside from giving me work. Social structure is nonexistent on the web also. Nobody has a face except if you need to and, after its all said and done you cannot be sure it is actually their face. The manner in which sociological creative mind works throughout my life is by me seeing into the future and having a dream of myself functioning as a games supporter or a games essayist. In the event that sociological creative mind is tied in with making an association with recorded occasions and my impulses for the existence I need then I would need to state I need an actual existence dissimilar to my folks., I don't want to limit myself and my lifes objectives an occupation for 30-40 years since I have a home loan and vehicle installment, kids and a spouse and the Joness living to the side of me. I need portability and opportunity and above all I need to use the innovation that is out there to help me in having the existence I imagine. (Schneider Silverman, 2006, pg. 43) The sociological

Wiesels Night Is About What The Holocaust Did, Not Just To The Jews, B

Wiesel's Night is about what the Holocaust did, to the Jews, yet by augmentation, to humankind. Individuals everywhere throughout the world were crushed by this appalling demonstration, and there are still individuals today who haven't conquer the impacts. One case of the intolerable demonstrations of the Germans that stands apart happens toward the finish of the war, when Elie and the remainder of the camp of Buna is being compelled to move to Gleiwitz. This exchange is a long, strenuous, and tiring excursion for all that are included. The climate is agonizingly cold, and snow fell intensely; the separation is more noteworthy than the vast majority today will even fantasy about strolling. The colossal mass of individuals is regularly compelled to run, and in the event that one breakdown, is harmed, or essentially can no longer bear the agony, they are shot or stomped on without feel sorry for. A picture that makes sure about itself in Elie's memory is that of Rabbi Eliahou's child's leaving the Rabbi for dead. The dad and child are running together when the dad starts to become tired. As the Rabbi falls more remote and more distant behind his child, his child runs on, professing not to perceive what is befalling his dad. This scene causes Elie to consider what he would do if his dad at any point became as powerless as the Rabbi did. He concludes that he could never leave his dad, regardless of whether remaining with him would be the reason for his demise. The German powers are so proficient at breaking the spirits of the Jews that we can see the impacts all through Elie's tale. Elie's confidence in God, over every single other thing, is solid at the beginning of the novel, yet becomes more fragile as it goes on. We see this when Elie's dad respectfully asks the rover where the toilets are. Not exclusively does the wanderer not elegance his dad with a reaction, however he likewise conveys a hit to his head that sent him to the floor. Elie watches the whole presentation, yet doesn't squint. He understands that nothing, not even his confidence in God, can spare him from the physical discipline that would anticipate him on the off chance that he attempted to counterattack the rover. On the off chance that the wanderer's assault had come only one day sooner, Elie most likely would have struck back. Notwithstanding, the impact of the profound beating by the Germans was at that point being felt. The occurrence that maybe has the best impact on Elie is the hanging of the pipel. He is a little youngster with an honest face who is sentenced to death since he is ensnared in a scheme, which brings about a German structure being crushed. At the point when the ideal opportunity for the hanging draws near, the Lagerkapo won't kick out the seat, so SS officials are allocated to do it. Not at all like the necks of those he is hanged with, the little youngster's neck doesn't break when he falls, and he languishes over a half-hour. The enduring of the youngster is practically identical to the enduring suffered by numerous Jews during the Holocaust. He battled for his life, now and again in any event, seeing a touch of expectation, just to be crushed at long last. The Jews battled for all that they had, from their assets toward the start, to their lives toward the end. The outcome, be that as it may, was the equivalent. Toward the finish of the war, Elie investigates the mirror, and says he saw a body. This body is Elie's body, yet it has been ransacked of its spirit. This is like the misfortune endured by individuals everywhere throughout the world. Those not legitimately engaged with the Holocaust were as yet alive truly, however their brain and soul had for quite some time been dead. Before the finish of the war, Elie loses the entirety of his confidence in God and his individual man, and this is the most troublesome hindrance to beat when he is discharged.

Cream Tea with the MIT Club of Great Britain

Cream Tea with the MIT Club of Great Britain The MIT Club of Great Britain invited us to cream tea recently. Here comes another confession of cultural ignorance, I did not know what cream tea was when I went to this event. But the president of the club kindly explained to us that while most of us probably thought that cream tea was an event where you drink tea with cream, its actually eating scones with cream and jam, and drinking tea, of course. For those of you who dont know, there are MIT clubs all over the world and theyre basically for anyone who has any connection with MIT and want to stay in touch with other MIT people in the area. Clubs organize things like picnics, hikes, and trips to fun places. While this sounds like a lot of fun and something that everyone would want to do, I was told at the event that many clubs actually has very poor attendance. Busy beavers The Great Britain club was pretty much nonexistent for a few years until the current president, Linda Morecroft, started it up again. Except the Hong Kong club, which seems to be doing very well. One of the alum in attendance is from Hong Kong and just happened to be on a business trip to London so he decided to stop by. Anyway, onto the event itself. I think most of the students went because (1) free food and (2) meeting up with other CME students. The food was very good and I got to talk to some people who I havent seen for more than a month. But I also got the chance to talk to some MIT alumni who were very eager to tell us what theyve done with their MIT degree and also excited to hear about how our year aboard has been going so far. Some pictures: Yes, that white stuff is cream, all cream. I intended to only stay for an hour and ended up staying for nearly 2 and a half hours. This is probably not a great idea considering that my exams are happening now. But I really enjoyed talking with the alumni. I really appreciate their effort of putting together the event for us. Most of them came in from London, which is about an hour away by train. There are so many little challenges that come with being in a foreign country, like not knowing which way to look when crossing the street. So it was great to talk to people who know about the culture differences. I was also very pleased to find out that I can be part of an MIT community even after I graduate, regardless of how far I am away from the institute.

Personal Pronoun Definition and Examples in English

What Is Pleiotropy Definition and Examples

Pleiotropy refers to the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. These expressed traits may or may not be related. Pleitropy was first noticed by geneticist Gregor Mendel, who is known for his famous studies with pea plants. Mendel noticed that plant flower color (white or purple) was always related to the color of the leaf axil (area on a plant stem consisting of the angle between the leaf and upper part of the stem) and  seed coat. The study of pleitropic genes is important to genetics as it helps us to understand how certain traits are linked in genetic diseases. Pleitropy can be spoken of in various forms: gene pleiotropy, developmental pleiotropy, selectional pleiotropy, and antagonistic pleiotropy. Key Takeaways: What Is Pleiotropy? Pleiotropy is the expression of multiple traits by a single gene.Gene pleiotropy is focused on the number of traits and biochemical factors impacted by a gene.Developmental pleiotropy is focused on mutations and their influence on multiple traits.Selectional pleiotropy is focused on the number of separate fitness components affected by a gene mutation.  Antagonistic pleiotropy is focused on the prevalence of gene mutations that have advantages early in life and disadvantages later in life. Pleiotropy Definition In pleiotropy, one gene controls the expression of several phenotypic traits. Phenotypes are traits that are physically expressed such as color, body shape, and height. It is often difficult to detect which traits may be the result of pleitoropy unless a mutation occurs in a gene. Because pleiotropic genes control multiple traits, a mutation in a pleiotropic gene will impact more than one trait.   Typically, traits are determined by two alleles (variant form of a gene). Specific allele combinations determine the production of proteins which drive the processes for the development of phenotypic traits. A mutation occurring in a gene alters the DNA sequence of the gene. Changing gene segment sequences most often results in non-functioning proteins. In a pleiotropic gene, all of the traits associated with the gene will be altered by the mutation. Gene pleiotropy, also referred to as molecular-gene pleiotropy, focuses on the number of functions of a particular gene. The functions are determined by the number of traits and biochemical factors impacted by a gene. Biochemical factors include the number of enzyme reactions catalyzed by the protein products of the gene. Developmental pleiotropy focuses on mutations and their influence on multiple traits. The mutation of a single gene manifests in the alteration of several different traits. Diseases involving mutational pleiotropy are characterized by deficiencies in multiple organs that impact several body systems. Selectional pleiotropy focuses on the number of separate fitness components affected by a gene mutation. The term fitness relates to how successful a particular organism is at transferring its genes to the next generation through sexual reproduction. This type of pleiotropy is concerned only with the impact of natural selection on traits. Pleiotropy Examples An example of pleiotropy that occurs in humans is sickle cell disease. Sickle cell disorder results from the development of abnormally shaped red blood cells. Normal red blood cells have a biconcave, disc-like shape and contain enormous amounts of a protein called hemoglobin. Comparison of sickle cells and normal red blood cells.   ttsz / Getty Images Plus Hemoglobin helps red blood cells bind to and transport oxygen to cells and tissues of the body. Sickle cell is a result of a mutation in the beta-globin gene. This mutation results in red blood cells that are sickle-shaped, which causes them to clump together and become stuck in blood vessels, blocking normal blood flow. The single mutation of the beta-globin gene results in various health complications and causes damage to multiple organs including the heart, brain, and lungs. PKU PKU Testing.   Scientifica / Getty Images Plus Phenylketonuria, or PKU, is another disease resulting from pleiotropy. PKU is caused by a mutation of the gene responsible for the production of an enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase. This enzyme breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine that we get from protein digestion. Without this enzyme, levels of the amino acid phenylalanine increase in the blood and damage the nervous system in infants. PKU disorder may result in several conditions in infants including intellectual disabilities, seizures, heart problems, and developmental delays. Frizzled Feather Trait This image illustrates aspects of the frizzle chicken phenotype. Adult homozygous frizzle chicken feathers curve away from the body.   Ng, Chen Siang, et al. PLoS Genet 8(7): e1002748. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002748 The frizzled feather trait is an example of pleiotropy seen in chickens. Chickens with this particular mutated feather gene display feathers that curl outward as opposed to lying flat. In addition to curled feathers, other pleiotropic effects include a faster metabolism and enlarged organs. The curling of the feathers leads to a loss of body heat requiring a faster basal metabolism to maintain homeostasis. Other biological changes include higher food consumption, infertility, and sexual maturation delays. Antagonistic Pleiotropy Hypothesis Antagonistic pleiotropy is a theory proposed to explain how senescence, or biological aging, can be attributed to natural selection of certain pleiotropic alleles. In antagonistic pleiotropy, an allele that has a negative impact on an organism can be favored by natural selection if the allele also produces advantageous effects. Antagonistically pleiotropic alleles that increase reproductive fitness early in life but promote biological aging later in life tend to be selected for by natural selection. The positive phenotypes of the pleiotropic gene are expressed early when reproductive success is high, while the negative phenotypes are expressed later in life when reproductive success is low. SEM of sickle cell and normal red blood cells.   Callista Images / Getty Images Sickle cell trait is an example of antagonistic pleiotropy in that the Hb-S allele mutation of the hemoglobin gene provides advantages and disadvantages for survival. Those who are homozygous for the Hb-S allele, meaning that they have two Hb-S alleles of the hemoglobin gene, have a short life span due to the negative impact (damage to multiple body systems) of the sickle cell trait. Those who are heterozygous for the trait, meaning that they have one Hb-S allele and one normal allele of the hemoglobin gene, do not experience the same degree of negative symptoms and show resistance to malaria. The frequency of the Hb-S allele is higher in populations and regions where malaria rates are high. Sources Carter, Ashley Jr, and Andrew Q Nguyen. Antagonistic Pleiotropy as a Widespread Mechanism for the Maintenance of Polymorphic Disease Alleles. BMC Medical Genetics, vol. 12, no. 1, 2011, doi:10.1186/1471-2350-12-160.Ng, Chen Siang, et al. The Chicken Frizzle Feather Is Due to an ÃŽ ±-Keratin (KRT75) Mutation That Causes a Defective Rachis. PLoS Genetics, vol. 8, no. 7, 2012, doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002748.  Paaby, Annalise B., and Matthew V. Rockman. The Many Faces of Pleiotropy. Trends in Genetics, vol. 29, no. 2, 2013, pp. 66–73., doi:10.1016/j.tig.2012.10.010.  Ã‚  Phenylketonuria. U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria.

Perfect Competition vs Monopoly Free Essays

MS (perfect competition) Vs Thames Water (monopoly) At one end is perfect competition where there are very many firms competing against each other. Every firm is so tiny in relation to the entire trade that has no power to manipulate price. It is a ‘price taker’. We will write a custom essay sample on Perfect Competition vs Monopoly or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the other end is monopoly, where there is just a single firm in the industry, and for this reason no competition from inside the industry. Perfect competition e. g. Marks Spencer, they have many competitors such as, Asda, Next and Tesco. They productively have over 600 UK stores, in addition expanding international business. They employ over 75,000 people in the UK and abroad. On the whole, their clothing and homeware sales account for 49% of their business. The other 51% of business is in food, where they put on the market everything from fresh produce and groceries, to partly-prepared meals and ready meals. Nevertheless on the other end, there is a Monopoly e. g. Thames Water, which is UK’s largest water and wastewater, services company. They play a very important role in providing everyday 2,600 million litres of tap water to 8. 5 million customers across London and the Thames Valley. They also get rid of and take care of 2,800 million litres of sewage for an area covering 13. 5 million customers. The main strong point of National Grid is that there are no competitors. Having many firms rivalling not in favour of each other e. g. Marks Spencer, it is then good for consumers. The hypothesis of perfect competition demonstrates an intense form of free enterprise. Within it, firms are utterly issue to market forces. They have no power at all to influence the price of the product. The price they face is dogged by the interaction of demand and supply in the entire market. MS are ‘price takers’. There are numerous firms in the industry that each one manufactures an unimportantly small quantity of entire industry supply, and consequently has no power at all to change the price of the invention. For MS and their other opponents, there is full liberty of admission into the industry for fresh firms. Active firms are not capable to discontinue new firms setting up in business. New firms will find it relatively straightforward to enter markets if they feel there is irregular profits to be made. The entries of new firms make available competition and guarantee prices are kept low in the long-run. Manufacturers and customers have ideal awareness of the market. That is, manufacturers are completely alert of prices, costs and market chances. Customers are entirely aware of price, excellence and accessibility of the product. Thames Water has sustained their monopoly situation, by including obstacles (barriers) to the entry of new firms. Even if a market could support more than one firm, a new participant is unlikely to be able to start up on a very huge scale. Accordingly the Thames Water who is already experiencing economies of scale can charge a price under the cost of the new participant and force it out of business. If, nevertheless, the new participant is a firm previously established in another industry, it may be capable to endure this competition. Since there is, by classification, only one firm in the industry, the firm’s demand curve is also the industry demand curve. In contrast with other market organisations, demand under Thames Water tends to be less flexible. Thames Water can lift its price and consumers have no substitute firm to turn inside the industry. They moreover pay the superior price, or go without the product altogether. Dissimilar to MS, Thames Water is consequently a ‘price maker’. It can make a decision to what price to alter. On the other hand, it is still forced by its demand curve. An increase in price will decrease the amount demanded. As with firms in other market structures, Thames Water will make the most of profit where MR (rate price) = MC (Marginal Cost). Given that there are barriers to the entry of new firms, Thames Water’s supernormal profits will not be competed away in the lengthy run. The merely dissimilarity, therefore, among short-run and long-run equilibrium is that in the long-run the firm will manufacture where MR = long-run MC. Both MS and Thames Water face different types of market surroundings. Thames Water will generate a quite diverse output and at a fairly diverse price from MS type of industry. MS complete continued existence in the long run makes use of the most well-organized and fficient known technique, and develops new techniques anywhere possible. For example, Plan A. Plan A is Marks Spencer’s five-year, 100-point ‘eco’ plan to tackle some of the biggest challenges facing their business and the world. It will see them working with their customers and suppliers to combat climate change, reduce waste, safeguard natural resources, trade ethically and build a healthier nation. Altogether , they have cut down on food carrier bags by 80% – helping to reduce plastic waste. This helped raise half a million pounds for charity. Even though, Thames Water, protected by barriers to entry, be able to still create big profits even if it is not using the most efficient system. It has less motivation, therefore, to be efficient. For this motive, costs may be privileged under Thames Water. On the other hand, Thames Water may be bright to achieve considerable economies of scale due to larger plant, centralised management and the prevention of pointless repetition. Thames Water eradicates the want for numerous sets of rival water mains under each street. If this consequence in an MC curves significantly below that of the same industry under MS, Thames Water can yet manufacture a higher output at a lower price. An additional reason why Thames Water may well function with lower costs is that it can make use of part of its supernormal profits for investigate and progress and investment. It possibly will not contain the same motivation to develop into efficient as MS which is fighting for continued existence, but it may contain a much superior skill to become efficient than has the small firm with incomplete finances. Even if Thames Water faces no competition in the supplies market, it may face a substitute form of competition in financial markets. Thames Water, with potentially low costs, which at present runs inefficiently, is likely to be subject to a takeover tender from an additional company. This competition for commercial manage, as it is the struggle for the control of companies during takeovers, may as a result, force Thames Water to be efficient in order to avoid being taken over. Overall, there are two tremendous forms of market structure: monopoly (Thames Water) and, its opposite, perfect competition (Marks Spencer). MS is characterised by many buyers and sellers, many products that similar in nature and, as a result, many substitutes. Meaning there are few, if any, barriers to entry for new companies, and prices are determined by supply and demand. Consequently, MS are subject to the price of a good, the consumers can just turn to the firm decide to increase its selling price of a good; the consumers can just turn to the nearest competitor for a better price, causing any firm that increases its prices to lose market share and profits. Whereas the more constable the market, the more will Thames Water be forced to take action on like a firm under MS. If, therefore, Thames Water operates in a perfectly contestable market, it might bring the finest time for the consumer. Not simply will it be capable to accomplish low costs through economies of scale, but also the possible competition will keep profits and as a result prices down. Bibliography McAleese, Dermot (2004). Economics for business: competition, macro-stability, and globalisation Parkin, Michael (1939). Economics Peter J. Buckley, Jonathan Michie (1996) Firms, Organizations and Contracts a Reader in Industrial Organization: A Reader in Industrial Organization Hunter, Alex (1969). Monopoly and competition: selected readings www. tutor2u. net www. econ. rochester. edu/eco108/ch14/micro14/sld063. htm www. bized. co. uk www. ft. com Sloman, John (2007). Essential of Economics Journal of Business Economic Studies, 09/01/1997 to present How to cite Perfect Competition vs Monopoly, Papers

Movie Summary Run Lola Run Essay Example For Students

Movie Summary Run Lola Run Essay The ways which we understand key life issues as individuals can be affected by the techniques in which we imagine a mental image or concept. Run Lola Run, Tom Tykner is a distinctly visual film which portrays a substantial amount of dialogue, as well as the story being told through images, symbols and motifs, this affects our views of the events which occur throughout the film and as a viewer have become aware of the multiple perceptions which have impacted on us. Tom Tykwer captured this notion, though Run Lola Run as he absorbed the most significant aspects of life including, chance, love, deaths and decision making. Tykner does this to help understand key life issues and adapt to what our purpose is in life and the adventures we will undertake throughout. Alice in wonderland, illustrated by Lewis Carroll, shows signs of distinctly visual though its portrayal that we are most moved to contemplate the significance of our lives in different dimensions. We will write a custom essay on Movie Summary Run Lola Run specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Carroll’s use of, symbolism and techniques such as the use of colours enables us to broaden our understanding of the divstincltvly visual occurring though the text. Tom Tykwer portrays a varitey of distinctively visual themes in the film, Run Lola Run, which demonstrate the conflict between the notions of fate and chance, this is clarifying a serious of unpredictable situations throughout the three runs which occur during the film. In the opening of the film fate and chance are firstly stimulated though a serious of retrace questions: â€Å"who are we? Where do we come from? Where are we going? Why do we believe anything at all? ’. The last question, â€Å"Why do we believe anything at all? ’ Is giving viewers the impression of not being abele to rely on themselves or the feeling of pointless in believing that individuals are in full control of their own destiny and actions. After the particular questions are asked in the opening, the low angle shot appears to reveal that the questions being asked were spoken by the policeman. The policeman is seemed to be a individual figure of fate who attributes characteristics of the theme â€Å"fate and chance†. So therefore, the protagonist in the film, Lola, has constant enclosures with the policeman with all three runs, each run explaining the meaning of the policeman having different behaviours which affect Lola’s attitude or self determination towards getting the money needed for mania, which is supplies by her â€Å"so called Father†, this is lola taking her chances not considering the consequences ahead, just taking that chance. Tykwer demonstrates how Lola is knows the she is subsequently â€Å"policed† by fate. Tykwer then reliably goes on to explain the next a quote expressed in a forceful manner, â€Å"The ball is round, the game last 90 minutes. Thats a fact. † In the time following, he kicks the soccer ball vertically up which is a distinctive example of human life as a game, and the outcome depends on the actions and decisions made by the individual. Other characters thought the film such as the tramp or the lady pushing the pram are recurring events during the film. these events are symbolic to change which straighten our understanding of that postmodern perception that an individuals life is interconnected with a multiple sequence of parole lives. By distinctively sterilising these images Tykwer portrays â€Å"fate† as a highly purposeful and easily evaporated explanation that situation. Lola is portrayed throughout the film as a memorable character, this is though the use of colour on Lola. Lola has intense red hair which is mad to stand out in every scene, the idea of the colour red refers to the passionate love lola has for Mannie. For example when Lola was in bed with Mannie during the **second run**, the only colour you could see was red as it stood out, and as the red went away you could feel the heart fade away. .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 , .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .postImageUrl , .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 , .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59:hover , .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59:visited , .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59:active { border:0!important; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59:active , .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59 .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u469dc52e367b771e522805dda9f1ea59:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Film Overview - Sugar Cane Alley EssayTherefore Tykwer uses this colour red to significantly emphasise the love story between Lola and Mannie. The red images gives a clear image to the audience that the film is directed to the feelings in which Lola and Mannie relationship reflects each other, this making Lola that memorable character she is bought out to be. as well as Lola’s hair being red, there are other objects within the film which also symbolise the significance of the red colour. For example, the red telephone which Lola uses to all Mannie in the first scene of the film*** WHY? Other than Lola, Mannie also shows a stand out colour towards him, this colour is yellow. The yellow symbolising** What does the colour yellow symbolise?. The colour of Mannie’s hair is yellow, Mannie speaks to Lola on in a yellow telephone box and Mannie wears yellow clothes. By having the main character placed with a particular colour, symbolises to the audience what type of person they are or how they show their character throughout the film. Other then the symbols of the main charters, Lola and Mannie, In the first scene of the film Tyknewr plays back a visual scene in Lola’s memory and produces the colours seen in black and white. The black and white images symbolise the sense of emergency which Lola was thinking, makes the viewers go into deep thought with Lola only at that very time, then when the colours return back to normal, the views step back with Lola to reality, feeling the force of emotions. Symbols throughout the film play a vital role within portrays specific aspects of the audience interpreting the distinctly visual images. One of the many visual symbols Tykwer uses throughout the film is the Clock. The clock is shown all thought the film Bibliography: http://csfilmanalysis.blogspot.com.au/2012/02/run-lola-run.html

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The iroquois and the US constitution essays

The iroquois and the US constitution essays Nothing is so fundamental yet so important to the freedoms we enjoy as Americans as the United States Constitution, which guarantees our right to do and say as we please so long as it does no harm. The Iroquois Federation preamble describes the purpose of the government set up by the government in their statements the emphasis is placed on perfect peace for the welfare of the people. Their focus was fighting for, the liberty of the people. Among the Indian nations whose ancient seats were within the limits of our republic, the Iroquois have long continued to occupy the most conspicuous position. The Iroquois flourished in independence, and capable of self protection, long after the new England and Virginia races had surrendered their jurisdictions, and fallen into the condition of dependent. Nations they now stand forth upon the canvas of Indian history prominent alike for the wisdom of their civil institutions of the league. Only the Iroquois had a system that seemed to meet most of the demands espoused by the many parties to the debates the Iroquois certainly have a considered the influence on the drafty of our own constitution, and we present day Americans owe them a very large debt. At the time of the founding of Iroquois League of nation, we have only the early stories, which was passed down from generation until such time as a written language existed. We only have stories that were passed down form generation to generation until such time as there was a written language and interprets available to record that early history. Early explores and colonist found the Iroquois well establish as they had been for many generations with a democratic government, with a form at religion that acknowledged a creator in heaven; with a strong sense of family which was used on, and controlled by their women. In 1744 an Iroquois leader, Canassatege, had an idea. In presenting the idea to his assembly, he realized that no one was ...

Conservation and environmental management Assignment

Conservation and environmental management - Assignment Example ldlife Conservation and Solar Energy Development in the Desert Southwest article and evaluates the effects of USSEDO facility on wildlife and the environment (Lovich & Ennen, 2011, 982). Paradoxically, the use of the natural renewable resources in large scale is no longer considered environmental friendly; it has conflicted with conservation to wildlife. These alternatives of energy sources have impacted further given the current biodiversity of the arid condition of the South west region. Information published regards the potential effects and impacts direct and indirect of renewable energy on the wildlife. Several endangered species have been affected either directly or indirectly by the USSED. According to Kristan and Boarman area covered by Agassiz’s desert tortoise, is approximated to be 161,949 ha of land habituated has been affected directly by USSED. It has been further stated that an approximation of 769,230 ha has been affected given both direct and indirect impacts of the USSED (Lovich & Ennen, 2011, 983). Common impacts of utility scale solar energy are majorly caused by construction and decommission of energy facilities. Construction involves the ground excavation and disturbance of endangered animal species found in this region. Another effect caused by USSED is through its operation and maintenance of solar facility. These are factors that arise as a result of operation of the facility in the environ neighboring which causes mortality of the wildlife. Potential effects of construction and decommission of energy facility involve direct impacts of ground disturbance and indirect impacts of habitat loss and degradation of the wildlife. Construction activities in these wildlife inhabited areas causes large amount of dust emission while constructing road and other network in the region hence, causing environmental pollution. Mortality of Subterranean animals is directly affected by USSED. Activities involving movement of the motor vehicles entrap

Opinion Essay on Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe

Opinion on Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe - Essay Example I like the novel because it shuns away from discussing the pre-colonial life Eden. Instead, the author sketches a world in which war, suffering and violence exist, but are balanced by a powerful sense of social coherence, ritual, along with tradition. I also liked the fact that Achebe’s Ibo protagonist, Okonkwo, was a self-made person (Roberts 14). Okonkwo was the sons of a charming neer-do-well, who worked extremely hard all his life to triumph over his fathers weakness. As the novel progresses, this young fighter eventually gained prosperity, and became a widely respected person in his village, Umuofia (Roberts 17). His villagers could now depend on Okonkwo for advice. Okonkwo was a prosperous farmer, a champion wrestler, father to several children and a husband to three wives. He was also a person who exhibited flaws well-renowned in Greek tragedy (Achebe 34). Okonkwo controlled his household with a grave hand. His spouses, in particular the youngest, lived in unending fear of his burning temper, and also his little children. This portrays how African families lived before the European exploration. Such a line also shows how African men were powerful in the colonial days (Achebe 36). Maybe Okonkwo, down in his heart, was not a mean person. However, his entire life was subject to fear, the fear of not succeeding and of weakness. It was more intimate and much deeper than the fear capricious gods, evil and magic. Oknokwo was also more fearful of failing than the fear of forests and nature. Okonkwos fear of failing was much greater that the factors mentioned above (Roberts 23). It could not be observed openly, but lay deep within himself. He feared that one day he might follow the steps of his father, living as a deprived person. It is essential to note that Africans, back in the colonial days, were extremely superstitious. Therefore, for a p erson to not believe in nature among other factors is overwhelming. Such as

Role of the Political Parties and the Military in China

Role of the Political Parties and the Military in China Sun Yat-sens views On The Role Of The Political Parties And The Military In China To what extent were Sun Yat-sens views on the role of the political parties and the military in China simply copied from the Soviet Union? The ideas of Sun Yat-sen have been crucial to the development of China in the twentieth century. Often referred to as the father of the nation (Mackerras 1998, p23), Sun Yat-sen was the instigator of the revolution that overthrew the monarchy in China and later formed the basis of the ideology within the Nationalist Party. Certainly following the 1911 revolution Sun Yat-sen developed links with the Communist Party in Russia and continued to forge close links with Russia for more than a decade, yet much of this was in a pragmatic attempt to gain aid and support from the Soviet government, rather than inspired by the policies of the Soviet state. Some of his views were influenced by the Soviet Union, yet to states that his ideas were simply copied from the Soviet Union would be an exaggeration. Sun Yat-sen was widely travelled and educated his ideas came from a variety of sources and his aims were to develop principles specific to China rather than to attempt to implement a political system from another nation and another culture. In his later years, Soviet advisers did gain a greater influence over SunYat-sen but it would be fairer to say that he took on board ideas that he felt suited his cause, rather than simply copied them. Born to a poor family near Canton, Sun Yat-sen was largely educated in Hawaii. As a young man he was certainly at home as much abroad as in China and was comfortable conversing in English (Fitzgerald 1971, p24). Having learnt of the power and development of the West, he quickly became convinced of the corruption of the Manchu dynasty and made up his mind that only revolutionary change could save China. He was willing to engage radical ideas that had been impressed upon him by Western democracies. He saw a republic as favourable as monarchies had gone out of fashion in Europe and was impressed by the relative success of democracy in the more advanced Western nations. Su Yat-sens earliest revolutionary ideas preceded the Soviet Union, and his much of his early thinking was done abroad. He spent time in Britain, collating ideas in the reading room of the British library and seeking out a variety of sources. Schiffrin reports that: Sun wasted no moments in gaieties; he was forever at work, reading books on all subjects which appertained to political, diplomatic, legal, military and naval matters; mines and mining, agriculture, cattle rearing, engineering, political economy etc; occupied his attention and were studied closely and persistently. The range of his opportunities for acquiring knowledge has been such as few men have ever had (Schiffrin 1968, p134). As early as 1897, Sun Yat-sen came into contact with Russian revolutionaries, meeting on several occasions in London with Felix Volhovsky, the editor of the English Society of Friends of Russian Freedom. The basis of Sun Yat-sens political philosophy is his Three Peoples Principles which detailed his ideal of a government that would serve the people of China. The principles were named nationalism, democracy and the peoples livelihood and were devised by SunYat-sen with the aim of restoring the nation as a powerful and successful democracy. Throughout his political life he came into contact with Russian revolutionaries and certainly at different stages they have contributed to his basic principles. Russian influence was notable not only to SunYat-sen but to many education Chinese, particularly in the period following the 4th May uprising in 1919. This period saw the beginnings of nationalism in China, with many in the country becoming increasingly angered at the corrupt minister that they saw as having sold the country to Japan (Fitzgerald 1971, p24). The educated class in China gradually came to realise the state of the nation both internally and on the international stage and thus look abroad for ideas on how to make the nation strong again. Fitzgerald writes of this period Nationalism as opposed to Republican idealism, was born. he new enthusiasts did not much care what form it took as long as it did something to restore China (Fitzgerald 1971, p41). The Russian Revolution was an appealing alternative to young Chinese. Many were nationalists, and if some were lacking in understanding of communism, many others were attracted intellectually to the doctrines of Marx and Lenin. Above all else, many, and this undoubtedly includes Sun Yat-sen, were highly impressed by the transformation of Russia from a decaying monarchy to a socialist republic. It was apparent that other foreign powers were unable to stop the Russian revolution and feared the new Soviet state this strength on the world stage was also appealing to Chinese nationalists. Sun Yat-sen who had been living in Shanghai at the time was one of many Chinese who admired the Revolution and had few qualms about the violent means to carry it out; in China the idea of woe to the conquered was a fact of political life (Fitzgerald 1971, p46). In examining the influence of the Soviet Union over Sun Yat-sens thinking, one has to appreciate that as a revolutionary and a socialist, it is only natural that he would have an interest in Soviet Russia. The Russian Revolution was one of the major political developments of his age and Soviet policies on political parties and the military would have been of interest to any revolutionary thinker at the time. Between 1920 and 1922 he was actively courted by emissaries from Russia and representatives from Comintern. Wilbur writes that Sun Yat-sen remained keen to be kept informed of developments in the Soviet Union and suggests that he showed much sympathy for the Russian Revolution, and his words suggest that he made a psychological identification between the Russian Revolution and his own efforts, and between himself and Lenin (Wilbur 1976, p112). As early as 1918, Sun Yat-sen had telegraphed Lenin on behalf of the South China Parliament and the Chinese Revolutionary Party, congratulating him on the ongoing struggle in Russia and expressing the hope that the Soviet and Chinese parties might one day join forces in a common struggle. At this stage, his words have to be seen as a gesture of comradeship rather than an expression of any serious intent the chaotic state of Russia at the time would have given Sun little basis for ideas on political and military organisation. An American journalist, George Sokolsky, became a part of Sun Yat-sens entourage in Shanghai in early 1919 and facilitated discussion around possible military cooperation. However, Suns position in terms of the military differed at the tame from that of the Soviets the Russian wanted an end to seemingly endless fighting whilst SunYat-sen remained, in the words of a Russian colonel an old-fashioned militarist who saw no way of saving his country except through arms (Wilbur 1976, p116). In years to come, the Soviets would consistently attempt to covert Sun Yat-sen from his reliance on military force to achieve political goals. The period 1920-22 saw Sun Yat-sen eager to win financial aid from other nations. As a result he made some form of contact with practically all of the major power the USA, Great Britain, France, Japan and Germany. As much as there was a warm relationship with Russia, it is likely that SunYat-sen would have happily taken aid from other powers had it been available. His correspondence and talks with Soviet envoy Adolf Joffe give some idea as to the somewhat confused nature of Suns relationship with the Soviets. Whilst stating to Joffe that the Soviet system was not suitable for China, Sun Yat-sen allowed Joffes influence to help regulate the roles of the Communist and Nationalist parties in preparation for the coming revolution. In 1923, he agreed to communists joining the Nationalist Party as individuals and it was advisors such as Joffe who helped Sun Yat-sen to organise his armies and free himself from the dominance of Chinese warlords (Fitzgerald 1971, p47). A joint statement issu ed with Joffe had been unequivocal on the issue of the political system that SunYat-sen was aiming for and summarises accurately his ideas about any future relationship that China would have with the Soviets.. It stated: Dr SunYat-sen holds that the Communistic order or even the Soviet system cannot actually be introduced into China, because there do not exist here the conditions for the successful establishment of either communism of Sovietism. This view is shared entirely by Dr Joffe, who is further of the opinion that Chinas paramount and most pressing problem is to achieve national unification and attain full national independence, and regarding this task, he has assured Dr SunYat-sen that China has the warmest sympathy of the Russian people and can count ton the support of Russia (Wilbur 1976, p137). SunYat-sens priorities at the beginning of the 1920s were simply to build a peaceful, united China operating within some form of constitutional order. He believed that foreign aid was vital for him to do this and utilise a number of tactics to do this. He wrote to foreign heads of state, had allies abroad campaign on his behalf and used military, economic and diplomatic strategies to try and achieve his goals. In terms of military aid and advice, he attempted to arrange for military advisers from Russia, amongst other nations. His correspondence with Joffe led to a reorganisation of Suns Kuomintang Party. Whilst the Communist Party had advocated a revolutionary alliance with the Kuomintang, Sun rejected this idea, insisting instead that all Chinese revolutionaries join his organisation. By October 1922,Sun had inducted some Communist Party leaders into his party, and appointed their lead, Chen Tu-hsiu as a member of a nine man committee to plan for the reorganisation of the party (Wilbur 1976, p131). 1923 saw Sun Yat-sen established in Canton, attempting to build up his power base. It was the arrival of Michael Borodin in this period that began the most concerted period of Soviet influence of Sun Yat-sens ideas. Borodins role was to act as Soviet Russias instrument through which aid and guidance should be given to the revolutionary movement and it was he who instigated the reorganisation of the Kuomintang along Bolshevist lines. Borodin took little time in outlining his plans for a reorganisation of the Kuomintang, based around creating a provisional national committee of twenty-one under the chairmanship of SunYat-sen and consisting of the most prominent members of the Kuomintang, the Communist Party, the Socialist Youth Corps and workers unions. Sun Yat-sen took some of Borodins ideas on board and he began to plan a reorganisation of the Kuomintang. He appointed a nine-man Provisional Central Executive Committee to draft a new party platform and constitution and to prepare for the partys first national congress, appointing Borodin as an adviser to the committee. Sun Yat-sen made it clear to his own followers, that whilst following some of the advice from the Soviets over party organisation, he would not blindly follow them. He stated, The present reorganisation should preserve our partys original à ©lan but adopt the Soviet Russian organisation, thus acquiring its benefits while rejecting its evils. We may merely yoke up Soviet Russia and mount it (Wilbur 1976, p175). A military crisis shortly after Borodins arrival in Canton gave the Russian adviser an opportunity to have some influence over SunYat-sens military policies. His forces in the city were very much on the back foot against LinHus forces, with both army and navy troops deserting. Borodins plan was to play on the nationalism and economic aspirations of the Canton population. He issued decrees promising land to the peasants through the confiscation and distribution of landlord holdings, along with encouraging an eight-hour day and a minimum wage for workers. The plan worked to inspire a greater military effort at the front and the crisis was averted. Shortly afterward, Sun made a speech discussing past party failures and explaining that the ongoing reorganisation was intended to spread the parts influence across all of China and release it from an exclusive dependence on military force this had been very much a soviet idea. Sun Yat-sen, at this particular time, was keen to base his Three Principles of the People on a Soviet model. He stated: Now a good friend, Mr Borodin, has come from Russia.If we hope for victory in revolution, we should study the Russian methods of organisation and training (Wilbur 1976, p179). Sun argued the Soviet position that Communism had been chosen by the Russian people and that nationalism and popular support had enable it to defeat both internal enemies and external powers. His view was that that the Russian people were no longer the salves of foreign powers and that Chinas revolution had failed to succeeded to date as it had not fully embraced nationalism in either its party organisation or within the military. There was some opposition to what was seen by some as too much dependence on Soviet ideas on party organisation by Sun Yat-sen, yet1923 was the year when Soviet ideas held the most influence over Sun. In speeches he praised the discipline of Soviet party organisation and spoke positively on how a united party could take the movement away from such a dependence on armed force. Nonetheless, leaders with the Kuomintang remained concerned at the influence of the Communist International and the policies of admitting communists and allying with Soviet Russia. Petitions to SunYat-sen however met simply with denial of allegations and assurances about the Soviets. Sun increasingly had begun to argue the point that there was little difference between his Principles of Peoples Livelihood and Communism. The first National Congress of the Kuomintang met in Canton in January 1924 and confirmed a plan of party reorganisation based largely along the lines of Borodins advice. A new leadership was established to create a mass party with a wider influence across China. Sun Yat-sen saw his name written into the constitution as leader, with power of veto. Sun again spoke glowingly of the Soviet system, stating that its system of placing party above government was the most modern in the world (Wilbur 1976,p191). Speeches given by SunYat-sen in 1924 formed the basis for what is understood as his basic philosophy, contained in his Three Principles. The lectures were largely based around his ideas on nationalism and give the clearest indication as to the effect that Soviet ideas had on his thinking in the latter years of his life. He saw the military future as one not of wars between races but between social classes or of oppressed against oppressor. He also talked more openly of empire and of recovering some of Chinas territorial losses to other colonial powers. He spoke of the military dangers caused by Chinas small military capability. He argued that Japan would be able to conquer China within two weeks, the United States within a month. Sun also move away from his earlier democratic tendencies in his later speeches, suggested that the Soviet style dictatorship of the people was the most effective form of government. Borodins influence on SunYat-sens lectures was clear, as was some of the ideas in terms of the military taken on board by Sun whilst Borodin was based in Canton. One of the roles of Borodins team was to establish a Kuomintang military academy, to be assisted with Russian advice and funds. The idea behind the Whampoa Military Academy was to produce, Soviet style, a politically indoctrinated and reliable corps of junior officers to form the basis for an army first and foremost loyal to the party. Russian officers instructed at the academy and Suns military capability was further enhanced in October 1924 by the arrival of a shipment of Russian arms, including several thousand rifles and ammunition, accompanied by a further nine Russian officers to continue training at the military academy. Sun Yat-sen was not a confirmed Marxist and differed from the Soviet Union in this respect. He was never of the belief that Marxism could genuinely work in China. In other areas however, in particular party organisation, he was undoubtedly attracted to Soviet ideas Above all else Sun was a patriot who most of all wanted to make his nation great again. He saw the Soviet as a good example for China to follow through revolution and the embracing of nationalism, a nation that had suffered under corrupt rule and at the hands of established colonial powers could once again reassert itself. The Soviet Union was also an ally. Whilst Sun Yat-sen may well have allied closer to other nations who offered help, the fact is that it was the Soviet Union that offered help to him and his movement. Sun Yat-sen was educated enough to form his own opinions about the best methods of party and military organisation. He may have come under some pressure from the likes of Joffe and Borodin to adopt Soviet methods but the Soviet ideas that he use were ones that he genuinely believed would best help his cause. In many ways, SunYat-sen was a pragmatist he used the Soviet Union for his own benefit and would have acted similarly with other allies. Others within his party had concerns about the way he was influenced by Soviet ideas, but Sun was making a active choice to take on board these ideas he was not simply copying them Bibliography Esterer Arnulf Esterer Louise, Sun Yat-sen Chinas Great Champion, Julian Messner, New York 1970 Fitzgerald CP, Communism Takes China How the Revolution went Red, American Heritage Press, New York 1971 Gray Jack, Rebellions and Revolutions, China from the 1800s to 2000, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2002 Mackerras Colin, China in Transformation 1900-1949, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd, Harlow 1998 Wilbur Martin, Sun Yat-sen Frustrated Patriot, Columbia University Press, New York 1976 Schiffrin Harold, Sun Yat-sen and the Origins of the Chinese Revolution, University of California Press, California 1968

Free Hamlet Essays: The Message of Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Message of Hamlet Hamlet shows a lot of sadness and also contemplates suicide. He is very confused with his feelings and his depression has brought down his spirits, but Hamlet uses a mask of pride to hide all of this from the naked eye. The many event’s which have occurred, has made thinking straight for Hamlet difficult. His plans of avenging his fathers death are unraveling beforehis eyes; and he is not in the right state of mind to fix things. Hamlet may be very proud; but it is obvious he is very depressed and confused with life; "O God, God, How weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable seem to me all the uses of this world!" (I; ii; 32-34) First of all, Hamlet comes home to a dead father and the re-marriage of his mother to his uncle, Claudius; "We pray you throw to earth This unprevailing woe, and think of us as a father, for let the world take note you are the most immediate to our throne." (I; ii, 106-109) All of this has been a huge negative shock to Hamlet. He does not understand the event’s which have taken place. Hamlet’s mother re-marring makes mourning his father’s death all the more difficult. He does not understand why his mother would re-marry so soon after the death of her husband; especially the fact that it’s to his uncle, Claudius. All of this has caused a lot of anger and sadness inside of Hamlet. All of his feelings have become unbearable and bottled up. He begins to lose control of his life. It has also caused him to feel a lot of hatred towards his mother. He also feels hatred towards Claudius and blames him, for their marriage. Hamlet’s hatred does not stop with his mother and Claudius; he begins to see women as less due to his mothers’ actions. When Hamlet thought things could not get any worse, the ghost of his father appears, revealing his murderer; "The serpent that did sting thy father’s life now wears his crown" (I; v; 39-40) Hamlet was not at all surprised to find that his father’s murderer was his own uncle; "O my prophetic soul!" (I; v; 41) Although Hamlet and two others saw the ghost with their own eyes, Hamlet was still reluctant to believing. Hamlet was the only one to hear the words of his father’s ghost.

Marketing Mix Netflix Essay

Marketing is a very complex concept that involves a detailed process. The types of strategies for marketing focus on a target audience and are directly related to what is known as the 4 P’s of the Marketing Mix. The Marketing Mix has been defined by many as the controllable variables a company puts together to satisfy its target market†¦ If any parts of a Marketing Mix get out of balance, the target market will be insufficiently served. This model of the Marketing Mix was first introduced by Neil Borden when he published his 1964 article, â€Å"The Concept of the Marketing Mix.† Borden had first started using the phrase in 1949 and claimed that it came to him while reading a book by James Culliton on the activities of a business executive (netmba.com, 2009). The 4 P’s that the Marketing Mix consists of are product, place, promotion, and price. The term product refers to tangible, physical products, as well as to services. A lot of thought and preliminary research goes into the type of product a company will manufacture, including product specifications, design, and production of the unit. The biggest concern for a business is that they are able to introduce their product at the appropriate time, when the consumer’s needs are greatest. A product will generally go through a life cycle, much like a human life cycle, consisting of four different stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. After the developmental period, a product is introduced or launched into the market. At this stage, the need for immediate profit is not a pressure; the product is promoted to create awareness. In the growth stage, competitors are attracted into the market with very similar offerings. Products become more profitable and companies may form alliances, joint ventures, or take each other over. The money spent on advertising is high and its focus is on building brand recognition. In the maturity stage, sales will grow at a decreasing rate and then stabilize. Producers will try to differentiate products and brands, while price wars and intense competition will occur. At the decline stage, there is a downturn in the market where there is intense price-cutting and many more products are withdrawn from the market. Profits can be improved by reducing the amount spent on marketing and product promotion. However, very few products follow such a prescriptive cycle. The length of each stage  varies enormously and not all products will go through all stages (Lamb, Hair, & McDaniel, 2005). Place represents the location where a product can be purchased. It is often referred to as the distribution channel. It can include any physical store as well as virtual stores on the Internet. Place is also an important part of marketing. The product or service needs to be accessible to customers, especially its target market. Often times there are no need for an actual store location, as many very successful companies offer just online services or products. In these instances, products or services are much more convenient and cheaper to the customer because of the lower overhead costs. Promotion represents all of the communications that a marketer may insert into the marketplace. This can include TV, radio, and print advertising, as well as coupons, direct mail, billboards, and online advertising. Often times we think of marketing as just the promotion or sales part, but the other 3 factors are often times just as important, if not more important. Promotion is the advertising of the actual product or service. One must consider who the audience is and what the best way is to target them. This could include television advertisements, radio advertisements, mailing and so on. There is no one best way to advertise, it really depends on the product and its audience. This is a very important aspect of marketing, and often times a good or bad promotional campaign can make or break a product or service (Perreault, Jr. & McCarthy,2005). The final P in the marketing mix is Pricing, which is the most difficult element to determine. A Company’s requirement for net income and its objectives for long-term market control mostly influence a pricing strategy. In addition to the primary goal of making money, a company can have many different pricing objectives and strategies. Larger companies may utilize product pricing in a predatory or defensive fashion, to attack or defend against a competitor. If a product is of premium quality and has unique features and benefits, a premium price may be necessary to reinforce the premium brand image. High prices confirm perceptions of high values in consumer minds. A good pricing strategy will also indicate guidelines for  action in the case of price increases or decreases (managementhelp.com, 2009). A company may want to consider temporarily delaying necessary price increases driven by supplier and ingredient price increases, and instead, take affordable, smaller profit margins. If competitors are increasing prices and one company decided not to, this could be a temporary advantage for that company since sales volume may increase. To set the best price for a product, a company will need to review the essentials of their business with an eye as to how they will affect price. A company must know their customer base, because the better a company understands the wants, needs, beliefs, and values of its’ customers, the easier it will be to accurately price their product. A company will then need to assess their competition and see how their product relates to those similar offerings. Next, a company will need to determine their production costs and develop a marketing plan, both for short and long-term. Distribution costs must be factored into the final price of the product, as well. Once these elements are considered, a pricing strategy can be more easily determined. One very successful company that utilizes the 4 Ps of marketing extremely well is Netflix. The company almost singlehandedly brought its competitors to their knees. These companies, including Blockbuster have since recovered and began offering a similar service, but Netflix had the marketing plan in place and rolled it out so efficiently that it really caught its competitors by surprise. Netflix is a little tricky when it comes to the product. It offers the service of movie rentals, but in a more convenient way than the traditional movie rental stores such as Blockbuster or Hollywood Video. In 1999, Netflix came up with an online movie subscription with no late fees. This gave people the convenience of receiving the movies they wanted to see right in their mailbox. No longer did you have to search through the isle for a movie that was already rented out. Netflix does not offer a place where a customer can come pickup his or her  order, instead everything gets conveniently shipped to each customer via United States Postal Service. This makes it convenient for just about anyone to use because there does not have to be a local store or shipping location around. Customers are able to place orders right online, which is a convenient and private way to pick the DVDs that they desire to view. The promotion of Netflix was primarily done through television advertisements. They targeted television watchers, who for the most part also watch movies. Their catchy marketing claimed â€Å"No Due Dates and No late Fees,† which was very appealing to consumers who were tired of paying late fees with their current movie rental stores (Netflix, 2009). It also offered the convenience of â€Å"No shipping or handling charges,† which made it just as competitive as the other places. The prices that Netflix charges its customers are very competitive to the current market of DVD rentals. They have different options to suit different needs. According to their website, they have a plan starting as low as only $4.99 per month. This plan allows viewing of up to 5 movies. For customers who want to watch more movies per month, they offer other plans also, such as the $17.99 a month plan that allows 3 movies to be out at a time. Once one movie is returned, another is sent out in its place. These different plans offer a wide variety of choices to fit different budgets. Marketing is an important element for any business. By analyzing the four Ps of product, price, place, and promotion, an organization can achieve a successful marketing campaign. Whether the business is a small mom and pop organization or a major corporation, marketing can play an important role in its success. Understanding the marketing mix will put an organization on the road toward success and profitability. References http://www.netmba.com/marketing/mix/. Retrieved June 8, 2009. http://www.managementhelp.org/mrktng/pricing/pricing.htm. Retrieved June 5, 2009. Lamb, Charles W., Hair, Joseph F., & McDaniel, Carl. (2005). Essentials of Marketing (4th ed.). Mason, Ohio: South-Western. Perreault, Jr., William D., & McCarthy, E. Jerome. (2005). Basic Marketing (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, Irwin. http://ir.netflix.com/. Retrieved June 6, 2009.

The French Revolution Pre-Revolutionary France

In 1789, the French Revolution began a transformation of far more than just France, but Europe and then the world. It was the pre-revolutionary makeup of France that held the seeds of the circumstances for revolution, and affected how it was begun, developed, and—depending on what you believe—ended. Certainly, when the Third Estate and their growing followers swept away centuries of dynastic political tradition, it was the structure of France they were attacking as much as its principles. The Country Pre-revolutionary France was a jigsaw of lands which had been haphazardly aggregated over the preceding centuries, the different laws and institutions of each new addition often kept intact. The latest addition was the island of Corsica, coming into the French crowns possession in 1768. By 1789, France comprised an estimated 28 million people and was divided into provinces of vastly varying size, from the huge Brittany to the tiny Foix. Geography varied greatly from mountainous regions to rolling plains. The nation was also divided into 36 generalities for administrative purposes and these, again, varied in size and shape to both each other and the provinces. There were further subdivisions for each level of the church. Laws also varied. There were thirteen sovereign courts of appeal whose jurisdiction unevenly covered the whole country: the Paris court covered a third of France, the Pav court just its own tiny province. Further confusion arose with the absence of any universal law beyond that of royal decrees. Instead, the precise codes and rules varied across France, with the Paris region mainly using customary law and the south a written code. Lawyers who specialized in handling the many different layers flourished. Each region also had its own weights and measures, tax, customs, and laws. These divisions and differences were continued at the level of every town and village. Rural and Urban France was still essentially a feudal nation with lords, due to a range of ancient and modern rights from their peasants who comprised about 80% of the population and the majority lived in rural contexts. France was a predominantly agricultural nation, even though this agriculture was low in productivity, wasteful, and using out of date methods. An attempt to introduce modern techniques from Britain had not succeeded. Inheritance laws, whereby estates were divided up among all the heirs, had left France divided into many tiny farms; even the large estates were small when compared to other European nations. The only major region of large-scale farming was around Paris, where the always hungry capital city provided a convenient market. Harvests were critical but fluctuating, causing famine, high prices, and riots. The remaining 20% of France lived in urban areas, although there were only eight cities with a population in excess of 50,000 people. These were home to guilds, workshops, and industry, with workers often traveling from rural areas to urban ones in search of seasonal or permanent work. Death rates were high. Ports with access to overseas trade flourished, but this maritime capital didnt penetrate far into the rest of France. Society France was governed by a king who was believed to be appointed by the grace of God; in 1789, this was Louis XVI, crowned on the death of his grandfather Louis XV on May 10, 1774. Ten thousand people worked in his main palace at Versailles, and 5% of his income was spent supporting it. The rest of French society considered itself divided into three groups: the estates. The First Estate was the clergy, who numbered around 130,000 people, owned a tenth of the land, and were due tithes, religious donations of of one-tenth of income from every single person, although the practical applications varied hugely. Clergy were immune from tax and frequently drawn from noble families. They were all part of the Catholic Church, the only official religion in France. Despite strong pockets of Protestantism, over 97% of the French population considered themselves Catholic. The Second Estate was the nobility, numbering around 120,000 people. The nobility were made up of people born into noble families, as well as those who obtained highly sought after government offices that conferred noble status. Nobles were privileged, didnt work, had special courts and tax exemptions, owned the leading positions in court and society—almost all of Louis XIVs ministers were noble—and were even allowed a different, quicker, method of execution. Although some were enormously rich, many were no better off than the lowest of the French middle classes, possessing little more than a strong lineage and some feudal dues. The remainder of France, over 99%, formed the Third Estate. The majority were peasants who lived in near poverty, but around two million were the middle classes: the bourgeoisie. These had doubled in number between the years of Louis XIV (r. 1643–1715) and XVI (r. 1754–1792) and owned around a quarter of French land. The common development of a bourgeoisie family was for one to make a fortune in business or trade and then plow that money into land and education for their children, who joined professions, abandoned the old business and lived their lives in comfortable, but not excessive existences, passing their offices down to their own children. One notable revolutionary, Maximilien Robespierre (1758–1794), was a third-generation lawyer. One key aspect of bourgeois existence was venal offices, positions of power and wealth within the royal administration which could be purchased and inherited: the entire legal system was comprised of purchasable offices. Demand for these was high and the costs rose ever higher. France and Europe By the late 1780s, France was one of the worlds great nations. A military reputation which had suffered during the Seven Years War had been partly salvaged thanks to Frances critical contribution in defeating Britain during the American Revolutionary War, and their diplomacy was highly regarded, having avoided war in Europe during the same conflict. However, it was with culture that France dominated. With the exception of England, the upper classes across Europe copied French architecture, furniture, fashion, and more while the main language of royal courts and the educated was French. Journals and pamphlets produced in France were disseminated across Europe, allowing the elites of other nations to read and quickly understand the literature of the French Revolution. By the lead-up to the revolution, a European backlash against this French domination had already begun, with groups of writers arguing that their own national languages and cultures should be pursued instead. Those changes would not occur until the next century. Sources and Further Reading Schama, Simon. Citizens. New York: Random House, 1989.  Fremont-Barnes, Gregory. The French Revolutionary Wars. Oxford UK: Osprey Publishing, 2001.  Doyle, William. The Oxford History of the French Revolution. 3rd ed. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2018.